In this tutorial, we build a fully functional event-driven workflow using Kombu, treating messaging as a core architectural capability. We walk through step by step the setup of exchanges, routing keys, background workers, and concurrent producers, allowing us to observe a real distributed system. As we implement each component, we see how clean message flow, asynchronous processing, and routing patterns give us the same power that production microservices rely on every day. Check out the FULL CODES.
!pip install kombu
import threading
import time
import logging
import uuid
import datetime
import sys
from kombu import Connection, Exchange, Queue, Producer, Consumer
from kombu.mixins import ConsumerMixin
logging.basicConfig(
level=logging.INFO,
format="%(message)s",
handlers=[logging.StreamHandler(sys.stdout)],
force=True
)
logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
BROKER_URL = "memory://localhost/"We begin by installing Kombu, importing dependencies, and configuring logging so we can clearly see every message flowing through the system. We also set the in-memory broker URL, allowing us to run everything locally in Colab without needing RabbitMQ. This setup forms the foundation for our distributed messaging workflow. Check out the FULL CODES.
media_exchange = Exchange('media_exchange', type="topic", durable=True)
task_queues = [
Queue('video_queue', media_exchange, routing_key='video.#'),
Queue('audit_queue', media_exchange, routing_key='#'),
]
We define a topic exchange to flexibly route messages using wildcard patterns. We also create two queues: one dedicated to video-related tasks and another audit queue that listens to everything. Using topic routing, we can precisely control how messages flow across the system. Check out the FULL CODES.
class Worker(ConsumerMixin):
def __init__(self, connection, queues):
self.connection = connection
self.queues = queues
self.should_stop = False
def get_consumers(self, Consumer, channel):
return [
Consumer(queues=self.queues,
callbacks=[self.on_message],
accept=['json'],
prefetch_count=1)
]
def on_message(self, body, message):
routing_key = message.delivery_info['routing_key']
payload_id = body.get('id', 'unknown')
logger.info(f"\n⚡ RECEIVED MSG via key: [{routing_key}]")
logger.info(f" Payload ID: {payload_id}")
try:
if 'video' in routing_key:
self.process_video(body)
elif 'audit' in routing_key:
logger.info(" 🔍 [Audit] Logging event...")
message.ack()
logger.info(f" ✅ ACKNOWLEDGED")
except Exception as e:
logger.error(f" ❌ ERROR: {e}")
def process_video(self, body):
logger.info(" ⚙️ [Processor] Transcoding video (Simulating work...)")
time.sleep(0.5)We implement a custom worker using Kombu’s ConsumerMixin to run it in a background thread. In the message callback, we inspect the routing key, invoke the appropriate processing function, and acknowledge the message. This worker architecture gives us clean, concurrent message consumption with full control. Check out the FULL CODES.
def publish_messages(connection):
producer = Producer(connection)
tasks = [
('video.upload', {'file': 'movie.mp4'}),
('user.login', {'user': 'admin'}),
]
logger.info("\n🚀 PRODUCER: Starting to publish messages...")
for r_key, data in tasks:
data['id'] = str(uuid.uuid4())[:8]
logger.info(f"📤 SENDING: {r_key} -> {data}")
producer.publish(
data,
exchange=media_exchange,
routing_key=r_key,
serializer="json"
)
time.sleep(1.5)
logger.info("🏁 PRODUCER: Done.")We now build a producer that sends structured JSON payloads into the exchange with different routing keys. We generate unique IDs for each event and observe how they are routed to other queues. This mirrors real-world microservice event publishing, where producers and consumers remain decoupled. Check out the FULL CODES.
def run_example():
with Connection(BROKER_URL) as conn:
worker = Worker(conn, task_queues)
worker_thread = threading.Thread(target=worker.run)
worker_thread.daemon = True
worker_thread.start()
logger.info("✅ SYSTEM: Worker thread started.")
time.sleep(1)
try:
publish_messages(conn)
time.sleep(2)
except KeyboardInterrupt:
pass
finally:
worker.should_stop = True
logger.info("\n👋 SYSTEM: Execution complete.")
if __name__ == "__main__":
run_example()We start the worker in a background thread and fire the producer in the main thread. This structure gives us a mini distributed system running in Colab. By observing the logs, we see messages published → routed → consumed → acknowledged, completing the full event-processing lifecycle.
In conclusion, we orchestrated a dynamic, distributed task-routing pipeline that processes real-time events with clarity and precision. We witnessed how Kombu abstracts away the complexity of messaging systems while still giving us fine-grained control over routing, consumption, and worker concurrency. As we see messages move from producer to exchange to queue to worker, we gained a deeper appreciation for the elegance of event-driven system design, and we are now well-equipped to scale this foundation into robust microservices, background processors, and enterprise-grade workflows.
Check out the FULL CODES. Feel free to check out our GitHub Page for Tutorials, Codes and Notebooks. Also, feel free to follow us on Twitter and don’t forget to join our 100k+ ML SubReddit and Subscribe to our Newsletter.
Asif Razzaq is the CEO of Marktechpost Media Inc.. As a visionary entrepreneur and engineer, Asif is committed to harnessing the potential of Artificial Intelligence for social good. His most recent endeavor is the launch of an Artificial Intelligence Media Platform, Marktechpost, which stands out for its in-depth coverage of machine learning and deep learning news that is both technically sound and easily understandable by a wide audience. The platform boasts of over 2 million monthly views, illustrating its popularity among audiences.
